Electric vehicles (EVs) have become increasingly popular in recent years as more people embrace eco-friendly transportation options. With advancements in technology and infrastructure, charging an electric vehicle has become more convenient and accessible than ever before. In this article, we’ll delve into the key aspects of charging an EV, including how long it takes to charge, the range between charges, the cost involved, and the types of chargers available for both home and public use.
How Long Does It Take to Charge an Electric Vehicle?
The charging time for an electric vehicle can vary based on several factors, including the battery capacity, the state of charge, and the type of charger used. Typically, EVs are equipped with lithium-ion batteries, which are the most common and efficient type of batteries for electric vehicles.
If you’re serious about owning an EV, then it’s important to familiarize yourself with the different types of chargers available for your use. Let’s run through them briefly below.
Level 1 Charging (110V outlet) – 8 to 12 Hours for Full Charge
Level 1 charging is the slowest option and is often used with a standard household outlet (110V). It can take around 8 to 12 hours to fully charge an EV from empty to 100%, depending on the vehicle’s battery capacity. This is a good overnight option.
Level 2 Charging (240V outlet) – 4 to 8 Hours for Full Charge
Level 2 chargers, commonly found in public charging stations and home installations, provide faster charging compared to Level 1. Charging times can vary from 4 to 8 hours, depending on the battery capacity.
DC Fast Charging (DCFC) – Up to 80% Battery in 30 Minutes
Also known as Level 3 charging, DC fast chargers are the quickest option to charge an EV. These chargers can provide an 80% charge in as little as 30 minutes, making them ideal for long-distance travel and quick top-ups.
Find an EV Charging Station Near You
While most EVs have charger-locating software on-board, this useful map provided by the U.S. Department of Energy can help you locate all types of publicly accessible chargers across the United States and Canada.
How Many Miles Can an EV Travel in Between Charges?
The range of an electric vehicle between charges depends on the vehicle’s battery capacity and energy efficiency. Advancements in battery technology have significantly improved the driving range of modern EVs. While older models may have had a range of around 100 to 150 miles, newer models can often travel over 200 to 300 miles on a single charge. Some newer models boast driving ranges greater over miles on a single charge. Currently, the 2023 Lucid Air boasts the furthest distance per charge for any EV on the market with an estimated range of 516 miles.
While some high-end electric vehicles can achieve ranges of 300 miles or more on a full charge, it’s essential to consider real-world driving conditions, such as weather, terrain, and driving style, as these factors can impact the actual range of an EV.
How Much Does It Cost to Charge an EV?
The cost of charging an electric vehicle varies based on electricity rates, the battery capacity of the vehicle, and the charging method used. On average, it is generally cheaper to charge an EV compared to refueling a traditional gasoline-powered vehicle. If you would like to think of it terms of cost per gallon of gasoline (even though EVs don’t use gasoline), a study by the U.S. Department of Energy has estimated that the average cost of “filling up the tank” for an EV (i.e. charging the battery for zero to full) would come out to about $2 per gallon. Compare that to whatever the current cost of fuel is in your area.
(For a more in-depth read on the cost of charging your EV at home, check out the blog post on our companion site ElectricityRates.com: “How Will an Electric Vehicle Affect Your Energy Bill?”.)
Home Charging
Charging an EV at home using a Level 1 or Level 2 charger typically costs less than public charging. The cost per kilowatt-hour (kWh) of electricity varies depending on the region and electricity provider. For more accurate calculations, homeowners can check their electricity bills or use dedicated apps and online tools to estimate charging costs. (If you would like to find the best prices for a kilowatt-hour in your area, simply enter your ZIP Code on our homepage.)
Public Charging
Public charging stations may have different pricing structures. Some stations offer free charging, while others charge a flat fee or based on the amount of energy consumed (per kWh). Public charging costs may be higher than home charging, but they provide convenience for those who need to charge while away from home.
What are the Different Types of EV Chargers?
Above we outlined the different levels, or powers, of chargers available for replenishing your EV’s battery. Below we’ll briefly run through where you can find them or have them installed yourself as well as what level of charger they tend to be.
Home Chargers
Home chargers are essential for EV owners who want the convenience of charging their vehicles overnight or during their downtime. These chargers are installed at the owner’s residence and are typically Level 1 or Level 2 chargers. Level 1 chargers can be plugged into a standard household outlet, while Level 2 chargers require professional installation by an electrician to connect to a 240V circuit.
Public Chargers
Public charging stations are crucial for EV owners who need to charge their vehicles on the go or during long-distance travel. These chargers can be found at various locations such as shopping centers, parking lots, rest areas, and highways. Public chargers often include Level 2 chargers and DC fast chargers, offering different charging speeds to accommodate various needs.
Again, this interactive map created by U.S. Department of Energy can help you locate public charging stations for your EV across the U.S. and Canada.
Conclusion
In conclusion, charging an electric vehicle has become more accessible and efficient with the advancement of technology and the growing infrastructure. Understanding the different charging options, charging times, and ranges between charges empowers EV owners to make informed decisions about their driving and charging habits. As the world continues to embrace sustainable transportation solutions, the EV charging network is expected to expand, providing even more convenience and benefits for electric vehicle drivers.